Here's the grandfather of it all -- Duchamp's famous urinal, signed "R. Mutt" (a pseudonym that he used and adapted in other works) and displayed lying on its back. It opened the door to using "readymades" -- stuff found or bought from non-art contexts -- as art. The original is lost, but replicas are found in several museums.
Jean Arp, Femme, 1927
Obviously it's a woman, but is it her face or her figure?
Raoul Hausmann, Mechanischer Kopf (Mechanical Head), 1919
Finally, here's one of Hans Bellmer's famous almost-lifesize dolls, disturbing constructions that mocked the Nazis' fixation on physical perfection.
Hans Bellmer, La Poupée, 1935-36
Why, oh why, did I not get to the Pompidou? Thanks for the virtual tours.
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